Application Theory of Planned Behavior: Determinants of Behavior to Use Personal Protective Equipment among Tobacco Farmers in Temanggung, Central Java: A Multilevel Analysis
Abstract
Background: Tobacco farmers has the risk of being exposed by wet nicotine during harvesting tobacco leaves or is often called as Green Tobacco Sickness (GTS). GTS prevention can be conducted by using Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) before farmers harvesting tobacco leaves. Behavior in using PPE among farmers is affected by sex types, education, attitude, subjective norm, intention, and perceived behavioral control. The study aims to analyze the determinant of behavior to use PPE among tobacco farmers in Temanggung Regency, Central Java.
Subjects and Method: It was a cross sectional study, conducted in 25 villages in Temanggung Regency, August – October 2019. The sample was a total of 200 tobacco farmers. The sampling technique used was simple random sampling. Dependent variable of the study was behavior to use PPE among tobacco farmers. Independent variables of the study were sex types, education, attitude, subjective norm, intention, and perceived behavioral control. The data collection used was questionnaires and processed by using multilevel multiple logistic regression with Stata 13.
Results: The use of PPE among tobacco farmers during harvesting tobacco leaves was increased by male (b= 2.52; 95% CI= 1.39 up to 3.66; p<0.001), education ≥ High School (b= 2.15; 95% CI= 1.10 up to 3.19; p<0.001), strong famers’ intention (b= 1.82; 95% CI= 0.13 up to 2.22; p= 0.027), positive farmers’ attitude (b= 1.63; 95% CI= 0.58 up to 2.68; p= 0.002), supporting subjective norm (b= 1.74; 95% CI= 0.67 up to 2.81; p= 0.001), and strong perceived behavioral control (b= 1.53; 95% CI= 0.52 up to 2.54; p= 0.003).
Conclusion: Behavior to use PPE among tobacco farmers is affected by sex types, education, attitude, subjective norm, and perceived behavioral control.
Keywords: behavior to use PPE, farmers, theory of planned behavior
Correspondence:
Yovita Eka Ratna Kumala. Master Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta, Central Java, Indonesia, 57126. Email: yovitakumala19@gmail.com. Mobile: 083867630850
Journal of Health Promotion and Behavior (2020), 5(1): 50-58
https://doi.org/10.26911/thejhpb.2020.05.01.07
References
Ajzen I (2005). The theory of planned behavior. Retrieved from ttps://people.umass.edu/aizen/tpb.html.
Afshari M, Poorolajal J, Shahkolai F, Assari M, Shahanjarini A (2019). Which factors influence farmers’ use of protective measures during pesticides exposure? Sage’s 20(10). https://doi.org/10.1177/2165079919827042
Andiany M, Kusyogo C, Aditya K (2019). Hubungan pengetahuan dan persepsi tentang masalah kesehatan kerja dan perilaku penggunaan alat pelindung diri petani tembakau. Jurnal Ilmu Keperawatan Komunitas, 2(1): 1-7. http://dx.doi.org/10.32584/jikk.v2i1.299
Ditjen Perkebunan (2016). Produksi tembakau nasional. Jakarta: Ditjen perkebunan
Ediana D, Putra A (2017). Hubungan kenyamanan, pengetahuan dan sikap petani dengan penggunaan alat pelindung diri pestisida pada petani jeruk. Jurnal Human Care 2(3). http://dx.doi.org/10.32883/hcj.v2i3.158
Fajriah A, Respati S, Murti B (2019). Theory of planned behavior and health belief model on factors associated with breast self-examination among university students. J Health Promot Behav, 4(4): 246-257. https://doi.org/10.26911/thejhpb.2019.04.04.01
Hartoni I, Riana I (2015). Norma subjektif dan kontrol perilaku pada implementasi keselamatan kerja: Dampaknya terhadap intention to comply. Jurnal Ekonomi dan Bisnis Universitas Udayana 4(4): 243-264. Retrieved https://ojs.unud.ac.id/index.php/EEB/article/view/11687
Ministry of Health (2018). Kenali dan cegah GTS. Jakarta: Ministry of Health. Retrieved from http://p2ptm.kemkes.go.id/dokumenptm/kenali-dan-cegah-gts-green-tobacco-sickness
OSHA (2015). Green tobacco sickness. HHS (NIOSH) publication. Occupational Safety and Health Administration.
Prakoso D, Fatah M (2017). Analisis pengaruh sikap, kontrol perilaku, dan norma subjektif terhadap perilaku safety. Jurnal Promkes 5(2): 193–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/jpk.V5.I2.2017.193-204
Redjeki S (2016). Kesehatan dan keselamatan kerja. Jakata: Ministry of Health. Retrieved from http://bppsdmk.kemkes.go.id/pusdiksdmk/wpcontent/uploads/2017/08/Kesehatan-dan-Keselamatan-Kerja-Komprehensif.pdf
Sulaeman ES (2016). Model dan teori perilaku kesehatan. Surakarta: UNS Press
TSCS (2015). Tobacco Control Support Center. Jakarta: IAKMI
Sari N, Rahardjo S, Widyanigsih V (2019). Factors associated with personal hygiene, use of PPE, and the risk of contact dermatitis among scavengers: A path analysis evidence from Surakarta, Central Java. J Health Promot Behav 4(3): 198-211. https://doi.org/10.26911/thejhpb.2019.04.03.05
Setiowati T, Pamungkasari E, Preasetya H (2019). Application of theory of planned behavior on sexual behavior in female adolescents. J Health Promot Behav 4(2): 126-136. https://doi.org/10.26911/thejhpb.2019.04.02.05
Wismaningsih E (2015). Faktor yang berhubungan dengan penggunaan APD pada petani penyemprot di Kecamatan Ngantru, Kabupaten Tulungagung. Jurnal wiyata 2(2): 103-107. Retrieved https://www.iik.ac.id/v3/home/images/journal/lppm_jurnal_92_102107_ENDAH_R.pdf