COVID-19 Vaccination: Prevalence and Associated Factors among Students and Staff (A Case of Islamic University in Uganda)
Abstract
Background: COVID-19 Vaccination is an important control measure for the spread of covid -19 with in Academic Institutions. This study aimed to investigated the Prevalence of COVID-19 Vaccination and associated factors among University Students and staff.
Subjects and Method: This was a cross-sectional study conducted at Islamic University, Uganda, from July to October 2021. A number of 397 students and staff of IUIU were selected purposively. The dependent variable was vaccination status. The independent variables were age, gender, education status, source of income, religion, marital status, nationality risk perception. Data were collected using an online google form sent via emails WhatsApp and ERP and analyze using Chi-square.
Results: There were 397 participants, the modal age was 16-25 years 233 (58.7%) were male, the prevalence of COVID-19 Vaccination was 20.4 % (81). Factors such as age (OR= 0.59; 95% CI= 0.25 to 1.37; p<0.001), Gender (OR= 0.59; 95% CI= 1.06 to 3.00; p=0.026), marital status (OR= 1.55; 95% CI= 0.20 to 0.56; p<0.001) were associated with uptake of COVID-19 vaccination.
Conclusion: The Study found a low Prevalence of COVID-19 Vaccination (20.4%) among students and staff at IUIU, and a number of factors presented above were responsible for this. More Education and sensitization on the importance of Vaccination is still needed. A follow up study on the same should be done after full opening of academic institutions.
Keywords: prevalence, COVID-19, vaccination, factor, studend and staff, Uganda
Correspondence:
Naziru Rashid. University Medical Officer. Islamic University in Uganda (IUIU). Soroti, Mbale Rd, Mbale, Uganda. Email: nazrash2013@gmail.com. Mobile phone: +256702038 741
Journal of Health Promotion and Behavior (2022), 07(01): 18-27
DOI: https://doi.org/10.26911/thejhpb.2021.07.01.03
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Biswas N, Toheeb M, Khubchandani J, Price JH (2021). The Nature and Extent of COVID-19 Vaccination Hesitancy in Healthcare Workers. J Community Health. 46: 1244–51. DOI: 10.1007/s10900-021-00¬984-3
de Oliveira BLCA, Campos MAG, Queiroz RCDS, Alves MTSSDBE, de Souza BF, dos Santos AM, et al. (2021). Prevalence and factors associated with COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in Maranhão, Brazil. Rev Saude Publica. DOI: 10.11606/s1518-8787.20210550-0¬3417
Johnson MW (2019). Novel Coronavirus - 2019-nCoV. Mater Methods. 10:1–5.
Khubchandani J, Sharma S, Price JH, Wiblishauser MJ, Sharma M, Webb FJ (2021). COVID-19 Vaccination Hesitancy in the United States: A Rapid National Assessment. Journal of community health, 46(2), 270–277. DOI: 10.1007/s10900-020-00958-x
Mant M, Aslemand A, Prine A, Jaagumägi Holland A (2021). University students perspectives, planned uptake, and hesitancy regarding the COVID-19 vaccine: A multi-methods study. PLOS ONE 16(8): e0255447. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0255447
McAlister FA, Bushnik T, Leung AA, Saxinger L (2021). Informing COVID-19 vaccination priorities based on the prevalence of risk factors among adults in Canada. CMAJ. DOI: 10.15-03/cmaj.210529
Mesele M (2021). COVID-19 Vaccination Accep¬tance and Its Associated Factors in Sodo Town, Wolaita Zone, Southern Ethiopia: Cross-Sectional Study. DOI: 10.2147/IDR.S320771
Naing L, Winn T, Rusli BN. Practical Issues in Calculating the Sample Size for Prevalence Studies. 9–14.
Rashid N, Nazziwa A, Kantono R, Kasujja H, Zziwa S (2021). Assessing Knowledge and Practices of the Community towards Corona Virus Disease 2019 in Mbale Municipality, Uganda: Across Section Study. EA Heal Res J. 5(1): 20–5. DOI: 10.24248/eahrj.v5i1.647
Rashid N, Swaibu Z (2021). Knowledge, Attitude, and Perception on Hepatitis B Vaccination Among Non-health Workers Attending Selected Health Facilities in Mbale City, Uganda. DOI: 10.11648/j.wjph.20210604.12
Rashid N, Nazziwa A, Nanyeenya N, Madi-nah N, Lwere K (2021). Preparedness, Identification and Care of COVID-19 Cases by Front Line Health Workers in Selected Health Facilities in Mbale District Uganda: A Cross-Sectional Study. East African Heal Res J. 5(2):144–50.
Riad A, Pokorná A, Attia S, Klugarová J, Koščík M, Klugar M (2021). Prevalence of COVID-19 Vaccine Side Effects among Healthcare Workers in the Czech Republic. J Clin Med. 10(7), 1428; DOI: 10.3390/jcm10¬071428
Robertson E, Reeve KS, Niedzwiedz CL, Moore J, Blake M, Green M, et al. (2021). Predictors of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in the UK household longitudinal study. Brain Behav Immun. DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2021.¬03.-008
Ssekamatte T, Mukama T, Kibira S, Ndejjo R, Bukenya JN, Kimoga Z, Etajak S, Nuwematsiko, et al. (2020). Hepatitis B screening and vaccination status of healthcare providers in Wakiso district, Uganda. PloS one, 15(7), e023-5470. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.023-5470
SolísArce JS, Warren SS, Meriggi NF, Scacco A, McMurry N, Voors M, Syunyaev G, et al. (2021). COVID-19 vaccine acceptance and hesitancy in low and middle-income countries. Nature medicine, 27(8), 1385–1394. DOI: 10.1038/s41591-021-01454-y
Whiteman A, Wang A, McCain K, Gunnels B, Toblin R, Lee JT, Bridges C, et al. (2021). Demographic and Social Factors Associated with COVID-19 Vaccination Initiation Among Adults Aged ≥65 Years - United States, December 14, 2020-April 10, 2021. MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report, 70(19), 725–730. DOI: 10.155-85/mmwr.mm7019e4
WHO (2020). WHO declares the corona virus outbreak a global pandemic Internet. cited 2021 Oct 12. Available from:https://www.cnbc.com/2020/03/11/who-declares-the-coronavirus-outbreak-a-global-pandemic.html
WHO (2021). COVID-19 Vaccine Tracker Available from: https://COVID19.trackvaccines.org/agency/who/
WHO (2021). Uganda: WHO Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Dashboard With Vaccination Data. WHO Coronavirus (COVID-19) Dashboard With Vaccina-tion Data. Available from: https://COVID19.who.int/region/afro/country/ug
Yu Y, Lau MMC, Jiang H, Lau JTF, Rajendran C, Jaganathan KS (2021). Prevalence and Factors of the Performed or Scheduled COVID-19 Vaccination in a Chinese Adult General Population in Hong Kong. 2021; DOI: 10.3390/vaccines9080847.
