The Effect of Family-based Intervention on Overweight/ Obesity in Children: Meta Analysis
Abstract
Background: Childhood overweight and obesity is one of the most serious public health challenges of the 21st century. Overweight and obesity are one side of the double burden of malnutrition because more than 1.9 billion people are overweight and of that number more than 650 million are obese. Meanwhile, for children aged 5-19 years, more than 340 million children are overweight and obese. One category of intervention to prevent overweight / obesity in children who have developed rapidly in recent years is family-based intervention. This study aims to estimate the magnitude of the effect of family-based intervention on overweight / obesity based on the results of a number of previous studies.
Subjects and Method: This was a systematic study and meta-analysis carried out by following the PRISMA flow diagram. The process of searching for articles through a journal database which includes: Google Scholar, PubMed, ScienceDirect and SpingerLink by selecting articles published in 2005-2020. Keywords used include: “family-based intervention” OR “family-based program” OR “family-based treatment” OR “family-based” OR “home-based intervention” OR “household based intervention” AND “children overweight OR "childhood overwight" AND "pediatric obesity" OR "children obesity" OR "children obese" OR "childhood obesity" OR "childhood obese" AND RCT OR "randomized controlled trial" OR "cluster-randomized controlled trial". The inclusion criteria were a full paper article with a randomized controlled trial (RCT) study design, the article used English, the study subjects were overweight / obese children (aged 5-19 years) and the intervention given was family-based intervention. Articles that meet the requirements are analyzed using the Review Manger 5.3 application.
Results: A total of 11 articles reviewed in this meta-analysis study came from Malaysia, the United States, Australia, England, Spain, Denmark and Sweden. Meta-analysis of 11 articles with a randomized controlled trial (RCT) study design showed that family-based intervention had an effect on reducing children's body mass index but it was not statistically significant (Standarized Mean Difference= -0.46; 95% CI -1.05 to 0.13 p= 0.130).
Conclusion: Family-based intervention reduces body mass index for overweight / obese children.
Keywords: family-based intervention, overweight, obesity, children, meta analysis
Correspondence: Mario Febrianus Helan Sani. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Jawa Tengah. Email: rhyansani@gmail.com. Mobile: 081326608972.
Journal of Health Promotion and Behavior (2021), 06(01): 45-56
https://doi.org/10.26911/thejhpb.2021.06.01.05
References
Ash T, Agaronov A, Young T, Aftosmes-Tobio A, Davison KK (2017). Family-based childhood obesity prevention interventions: a systematic review and quantitative content analysis. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act, 14(1): 1-12. doi:10.1186/s12966-017-0571-2.
Barkin SL, Heerman WJ, Sommer EC, Martin NC, Buchowski MS, Schlundt D, Stevens J (2018). Effect of a beha-vioral intervention for underserved preschool-age children on change in body mass index. JAMA, 320(5): 450-460. doi:10.1001/jama.2018.9128.
Benestad B, Lekhal S, Smastuen MC, Hertel JK, Halsteinli V, Odegard RA, Hjelmesæth J (2016). Camp-based family treatment of childhood obesity: randomised controlled trial. Arch Dis Child, 102(4): 303-310. doi:10.1136/-archdischild-2015-309813.
Costigan SA, Barnett L, Plotnikoff RC, Lubans DR (2013). The health indica-tors associated with screen-based sedentary behavior among adolescent girls: a systematic review. J Adolesc Health, 52(4): 382-392. doi:10.1016/-j.jadohealth.2012.07.018.
Davison KK, Jurkowski JM, Li K, Kranz S, Lawson HA (2013). A childhood obe-sity intervention developed by fami-lies for families: results from a pilot study. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act, 10(1): 1-11. doi:10.1186/1479-5868-10-3.
Elder JP, Crespo NC, Corder K, Ayala GX, Slymen DJ, Lopez NV, McKenzie TL (2013). Childhood obesity prevention and control in city recreation centres and family homes: the MOVE/me muevo project. Pediatr Obes, 9(3): 218-231. doi:10.1111/j.2047-6310.2013.-00164.x.
Ferrari GLM, Araujo TL, Oliveira LC, Mat-sudo V, Fisberg M (2015). Association between electronic equipment in the bedroom and sedentary lifestyle, phy-sical activity, and body mass index of children. J Pediatr, 91(6):574-582. doi: 10.1016/j.jped.2015.01.009.
Horst KVD, Oenema A, Looij-Jansen PVD, Brug J (2008). The ENDORSE study: research into environmental deter-minants of obesity related behaviors in Rotterdam schoolchildren. BMC Public Health, 8(142):1-9. doi:10.118-6/1471-2458-8-142.
Kementerian Kesehatan RI (2014). Pedo-man Gizi Seimbang. Jakarta: Kemen-terian Kesehatan RI. Retrieved from: http://hukor.kemkes.go.id/uploads/produk_hukum/PMK%20No.%2041%20ttg%20Pedoman%20Gizi%20Seimbang.pdf.
Kuhle S, Kirk S, Ohinmaa A, Yasui Y, Allen AC, Veugelers PJ (2011). Use and cost of health services among overweight and obese canadian children. Pediatr Obes, 6(2): 142-148. doi:10.3109/174-77166.2010.486834.
Li G, Zeng J, Tian J, Levine MA, Thabane L (2020). Multiple uses of forest plots in presenting analysis results in health research. J Clin Epidemiol. 117: 89-98. doi:10.1016/j.jclinepi.2019.09.021.
Liu S, Marques IG, Perdew MA, Strange K, Hartrick T, Weismiller J, Naylor PJ (2019). Family-based, healthy living intervention for children with over-weight and obesity and their families: a “real world” trial protocol using a randomised wait list control design. BMJ Open, 9(10): 1-9. doi:10.1136/-bmjopen-2018-027183.
Makowski D, Piraux F, Brun F (2019). From experimental network to meta-analysis methods and applications with R for agronomic and environ-mental sciences, France: Springer Nature B.V.
Martin A, Booth JN, Laird Y, Sproule J, Rei-lly JJ, Saunders DH (2018). Physical activity, diet and other behavioural interventions for improving cognition and school achievement in children and adolescents with obesity or overweight. Cochrane Database Syst Rev, doi:10.1002/14651858.cd0-09728.pub4.
Moore SM, Borawski EA, Love TE, Jones S, Casey T, McAleer S, Nevar A (2019). Two family interventions to reduce BMI in low-income urban youth: a randomized trial. Pediatrics, 143(6): 1-11. doi:10.1542/peds.2018-2185.
Murti B (2018). Prinsip dan metode riset epidemiologi (5th ed.). Program Studi Ilmu Kesehatan Masyarakat, Sekolah Pascasarjana, Universitas Sebelas Maret.
Rao DP, Kropac E, Do MT, Roberts KC, Jayaraman GC (2016). Childhood overweight and obesity trends in Canada. Heal Promot Chronic Dis Prev Can, 36(9). doi: 10.24095/hp-cdp.36.9.03.
Steinbeck K, Baur L, Cowell C, Pietrobelli A (2008). Clinical research in adoles-cents: challenges and opportunities using obesity as a model. Int J Obes, 33(1): 2-7. doi:10.1038/ijo.2008.263.
Wal JSV, Mitchell ER (2011). Psychological Complications of Pediatric Obesity. Pediatr Clin N Am, 58(6): 1393-1401. doi:10.1016/j.pcl.2011.09.008.
World Health Organization (2016). Report of the commission on ending child-hood obesity. Retrieved from: http://-apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/-10665/204176/9789241510066_eng.pdf;jsessionid=37817F80E58B1F6475E0BA1321594669?sequence=1.
World Health Organization (2020). Physical activity. Retrieved from: https:-//www.who.int/en/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/physical-activity.
World Health Organization (2020). Obesity and overweight. Retrieved from: https://www.who.int/news-room/fa-ct-sheets/detail/obesity-and-over-weight.
World Obesity Federation (2019). Atlas of childhood obesity. Retrieved from: https://www.worldobesity.org/mem-bersarea/global-atlas-on-childhood-obesity.
